The Importance Of The Physical Evidence Marketing Essay

The Importance Of The Physical Evidence Marketing Essay Services are radically different from products and need to be marketed very differently. So the classical 4 P structure of the Marketing Mix needs to be modified suitably to incorporate the 8 Ps for services marketing, which was previously known as 7 Ps only. Services can range from financial services provided by the banks to technology services provided by the IT Company or hospitality services provided by hotels and restaurants Services marketing are dominated by the 7 Ps of marketing namely  Product, Price,   Place, Promotion, People, Process  and  Physical evidence. All of these factors are necessary for optimum service delivery. While everyone knows about the 7 Ps of services marketing, the  8th P of Services Marketing  has emerged in research very recently. The 8th P is  Productivity and Quality. 8-P-Marketing-Mix Physical evidence Physical evidence is the ability and environment in which the service is delivered.  Both tangible goods that help to communicate and perform the service, and the intangible experience of the existing customers and the ability  of  the  business  to  relay  that  customer  satisfaction  to  potentialcustomers.Physical  evidence  is  the  element  of  the  service  mix  which  allows  thecustomer again to make judgments on the organization. Consumers will make perceptions based  on their  sight of the  service provision which will have an impact on the organizations perceptual plan of the service. For e.g. If one moves into a restaurant his expectations are of a clean, friendly environment, besides high quality food which is  the core  service of  the restaurant. On an aircraft if he travels he expects enough room to be able to laydown.Some  points  stating  the  importance  of  physical  evidence  in  service m arketing are- à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Physical evidence  is packaging for services, therefore creation of  service environment should not be left to chance. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Customer  judges  the  service  quality  through  the  process  of  deduction. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Physical evidences both- dominant and peripheral should be co-ordinated to achieve uniformity in its projected service image. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Peripheral  evidences  are  small  and  trivial  but  have  impact  oncustomer  perception  about  services  and  are  real  source  of  competitive differentiation. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢It makes the intangible service apparent. Physical Environment of Hotel: à ¢Ã…“†location   Ã‚  What kind of customers prefers a city centre?   What  kind  of  customers  prefers  a  hotel  at seaside? à ¢Ã…“†Signs and logos Many hotels belong to chains and their signs and logos are well known. Different chains help hotels to profitable business. Competition is very hard nowadays. Good reputation and recommendations help very much a hotel to get new customers and also make them to come again. à ¢Ã…“†Style, furniture, colors, lighting à ¢Ã…“†Clean air: some customers want luxury, and they are ready to pay for it. Other customers are satisfied with a little lower level. à ¢Ã…“†Reception What is good customer service at the reception? à ¢Ã…“†Office, information, customer service Is it easy to reserve a room? What is the easiest way to reserve a room today? Good customer service is very important in the competition  today. à ¢Ã…“†A hotel room What does a customer want from a good hotel room? The room itself and the bath room must be clean and the bed must be comfortable. Something extra  provided  that  a  customer  has  not  expected gives a good feeling. à ¢Ã…“†Restaurant- heart of the Hotel The restaurant and its kitchen create the heart of a hotel. At a big hotel there can be many different types of restaurants. Reception A hotel receptionists job is to make guests feel welcome, to check them in and out efficiently, and to deal professionally with enquiries, face to face and by phone, fax or email. When guests call at a hotel to make a booking, the receptionist is the first person they speak to and may also be the first person whom they meet at arrival. The receptionist in short represents the entire hotel in front  of the customer. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢The Hotel should provide a 24 hour reception service. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢At the Hotel  there should  an  array  of  experienced  and  qualified receptionist to handle the customers. They should work in a batch of three that is at any time there should be three receptionists in the front office for  the convenience of the customers.  They should change the shifts to ensure the best service possible. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢The  receptionists should  act  as  a  guide,  a  friend,  a counselor to the  customer. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢They should use laptops and telephones to manage the accounts and to handle the queries or to provide service to the customer.   Ãƒ ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢The front office plays the most important part in hospitality industry. Welcoming the customer with a smile, making them feel important is the valuable job of the receptionist. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Receptionists at Hotel should provide extra services such as calling the in house porter to carry the luggage, arranging for conveyance for  sightseeing or official visits, booking flight or rail tickets and arranging parties. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Receptionist should look after the customers personal taste such as his menu, movies and music and proper functioning of equipments in his room. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢The  receptionist should  also  allott  time  for  visits  to  the  spa  and  fixeappointments with doctors. This aspect of service  in a  Hotel  accounts  for  the  high  satisfaction  among  its customers. Rooms at Hotel Rooms should be spacious and attractively decorated. The rooms can be differentiated on two major criterias.   Space  Facilities  provided. The rooms can be categorized as follows: superior, deluxe, club, crescent, terrace, executive and presidential suite. However the superior, deluxe and club  rooms  must be  the same  in  area The visitors of  the presidential suite should be  provided with  superior  services  and  the  most  spacious  rooms. The services provided inside the rooms can be as follows: à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Mini bar à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Coffee and tea maker to provide the ease of making it according to their own preference. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Hairdryer à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Iron and an ironing board. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Television  facility  with domestic  channels  and  international channels.   Ãƒ ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢DVD  players  and  a  variety  of  video  tapes à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢High speed internet facility. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Telephone  with speaker  facility. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Refrigerator. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Smoke detector. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Newspapers and magazines. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Convenient and adequate plug points in the room. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Electronic safe and door locks for ensuring the safety of the visitor. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Bathrobes and slippers. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢User friendly bathroom fittings. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Jacuzzi. Restaurant Human aspect of a service sector industry sets it apart from the productionsector.  The  inherent  quality  of  a  product  and  also  its  physical  outlook attracts  the  customers  towards  it.But  when  it  comes  to  service  theapproach is totally different. Through its service, i.e. the quality of service provided, an industry in the service sector, tends to retain as well as create a customer. The service has to be made tangible in this fashion. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢The  entrance  made should wear a majestic look. The warm welcome by the man at the gate should make the guests comfortable and wanted. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢ The overall ambience should be mesmerizing. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢The furniture laid around: The chairs and table should have wooden finish. The tables should be arranged to cater to the customers needs i.e. buffet and sitting arrangement. The buffet should have table  with expensive copper,  steel and  glass cutlery. The  sitting arrangements should be  planned judiciously keeping in  mind the  customers comfort as well as taking care of the economic aspect of spaceutilization.  The  furniture  should be  elegant  and  highly  comfortable.  The chairs should have soft cushions. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢The  most  attractive  and  significant  part  should be  the  attitude  and professionalism of the waiters. They should be in a proper dress code. The ratio of waiters and table should be 2:1, because of which customers can always be at ease and taken care of. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢To satisfy a customer  in service sector especially in restaurants where the service delivered should provide the maximum satisfaction- which itself differs from one individual to another. Gym The physical environment at the gym should include the following: à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Stairs à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Front door: There  should be  a  guard  at  the  entrance  who  checked  the membership cards of each customer. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Smoothie  bar  Area- There  should be  a  bar  area  which should  include drinks such as: energy and fruit drinks besides providing normal water.   Ãƒ ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Membership Card- All the customers should be given membership cards for easy recognition and catching the defaulters. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Appearance of Employee- All the employees should have a dress code which should be similar to the other employees of the Hotel. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Walls- The walls of the gymnasium should be with posters suggesting health  and gymming  tips and motivational phrases. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Lockers- Locker  facility  for all  customers  to  keep their  belongings  safely. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Music à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Equipments-  The  gym should  have  all  equipments  related  to  cardio  and weight training. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Light- The hall should be well illuminated with focused lights. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Appearance of staff- The trainers and the supervisors should be wearing branded sportswear. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Towels- The towels should be very clean and  dirt free. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Hair Dryer- Hair drying facility for customers. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Cleanliness- It should be well maintained to keep the entire area spic and span. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Therapist- There should be a therapist to look after any unexpected injury. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Temperature- The room should be conducive for  comfortable exercising. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Merchandise-If  the  customers  intend  to  purchase  any  similar  health product, the same should be available. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Sauna and steam bath à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Jacuzzi Parking à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Hotel should provide valet parking for its  customers. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Valet parking is a service whereby a valet takes the car from the customer and parks it in the parking lot. The customer is hence spared of the hassles involved in car parking. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢In most five star  hotels the parking lot becomes jammed during peak hours. Car parking by the valet proves beneficial for both customers as well as the hotel officials. On one hand the customer does not need to worry about the parking place; on the other hand the valet has the car at  his own disposal. This means that he  can park the car  wherever he feels it convenient to do so. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢This leads to better service of the customers as they can enjoy the stay at the hotel without caring for maintenance of their vehicle. à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢Offering a valet to take care of the car adds luxury to the service à ¢Ã… ¾Ã‚ ¢This can be further increased by the valet bringing the car up to the main entrance and holding the door opened to allow the customer to get in. Conclusion   Its not always words that impressà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.  Truly, physical evidence in hotels and restaurants speak louder than words. It is through these evidences that the  customer  attaches  himself.  A  hotel  is  an  abode  of  customer delight. During this Endeavour we learnt the importance of physical evidence in a service industry like the hotel industry. Physical evidence serves as an entire package for a service industry. It holds the power to tangible the intangibles. In the end we can conclude that the physical evidence of the services provided at Hotel should be highly impressive and efficient. It should make sure that the customer makes repeated visits. For a hotel industry viral marketing is the strongest advertising tool, hence all efforts should be made to make the customer satisfied. s

“Goodbye to all that” By Robert Graves Essay

In 1929, Robert Graves published his war novel â€Å"Goodbye to all that.† It is based on his own life experiences of the Great War. This autobiography has been involved in â€Å"The great books controversy and changing attitudes towards the war.† But in 1931, two years after this Great War book was published, Robert Graves wrote â€Å"P. S. Goodbye to all that.† In this he justifies some of his actions and why he wrote parts of the novel the way he did. He confesses that he wrote the novel to make â€Å"a lump of money† he also included the â€Å"ingredients† of a popular memoir, some of them including † people like reading about food and drink.murders.ghosts.kings and other peoples mothers.† These ingredients make a good read in a novel and it’s the type of things that people enjoy reading about. It also breaks up the novel and it doesn’t concentrate on war so much. He also apologises to the people he offended in the nove l. Autobiographies were a chronicle of someone’s life laid down for posterity usually at the request of family members. â€Å"Goodbye to all that† differs by virtue of his stated purpose in writing it. But throughout the novel there are passages that defy a lot of what he said. An example of this great writing is in chapter 15, which shows the very â€Å"matter of fact† attitudes. â€Å"The other day.a bomb dropped next door and killed 3 soldiers who were billeted there, a woman and a child.† This probably did happen but it was one of the many horrors of war which soldiers experienced day in and day out. It became part of their lives; many lost hope and resorted to committing suicide. Robert Graves clearly states that the first person he saw dead and the last person he saw dead before he left the war were both suicide victims. This just goes to show the kind of impact that the war had on people’s lives. Graves talks about it as an everyday occurrence, which to the soldiers at the front line it was. We know for a fact that the fatalities and injuries were for real and were not inaccurate. But there are inaccuracies that can be misleading. For example the murder of the company’s sergeant major. † Did you mistake him for a spy?† The young miner replied, â€Å"No sir, we mistook him for our platoon sergeant† This is quite hu morous but the date of the murder was wrong. A number of things are wrong in the book but they have all been changed to make a good story. It makes it more interesting, and then more people want to read it. The horror of war is made very clear in â€Å"Goodbye to all that.† One section of the novel, Graves tells us about one of their platoon members that has been killed and is laying rigid in the trench and is blocking the pathway. Instead of one of the men moving him, they leave him there and make fun of him every time one of them wanted to pass; they just pushed him out of the way and made some sort of humorous comment. This was just one of the many black humour passages in the book and as readers it makes us laugh. It shows detachment from the war, which makes the story a little more light hearted and more readable and interesting to an outsider. It gives structure to the book. There is another passage in the novel that is humorous but it couldn’t possibly be true. This passage is known as the singing guns. This was when the Germans and the British would communicate through rifle fire and guns. They would sing songs back and fore to each other and have conversations. The soldiers would do this by taking out a few of the bullets, so when the gu n was fired, the blanks would go through and not make a noise. The soldiers would figure out a pattern or tune and continuing to take out blanks, would eventually make a song. On one occasion the message was â€Å"we all German korporals wish you English korporals a good day and invite you to dinner tonight with beer and cakes† This was impossible to do and this was one of the inaccuracies that Sassoon and Blunden didn’t like. Fussell and Sassoon frowned upon these inaccuracies, but they can also be looked upon in a very different way. As Richard Graves points out, â€Å"the fact that Goodbye to all that is full of inaccuracies does not detract from its importance both as a searingly honest autobiography, which tells the truth about how Robert felt about his past in 1929, and as a record of what it was like to be a British soldier during the First World War.† The title of the novel reflects the content Robert Graves is trying to say goodbye to everything to do with the War and Britain. He wrote the novel to unburden himself of the memories of the war as described by his nephew, Richard Graves, â€Å"for the process of healing to re-integration to be complete, only one more thing was necessary: following Riding’s example, he must cast off the whole of his â€Å"historical† existence, and what better way to do that, for an author then to write about it?† He’s also saying goodbye to his school life. Graves behaved like a â€Å"disaffected adolescent† all his life and the tone of â€Å"Goodbye to all that† is reflected in his style of approach in this novel. He was criticised for talking about school by the public school system and old boys. But by writing, he is distancing himself from his past and he wants a new start. But Graves found this detachment very useful in later life especially when he was at war as we see in a letter he wrote to his auntie, â€Å"Dear auntie, this leaves me in the pink. We are at present wading in blood up to our necks. Send me fags and a life belt. This war is a booger.† Thus because of this detachment, he was quite happy to speak openly and discuss all the points in his life that have brought him to today. It is the establishment in general, manifesting itself as the war, public school system and morally righteous parents, not just the war. After Graves wrote â€Å"Goodbye to all that† he left the country for good to live in Majorca. He left the past behind him to start a new life. The memories of war differ from bitterness to happiness when he met his first wife, a nurse in the hospital. This is the first time that he finds himself attracted to a women. He realises that he is heterosexual. While he was at school in Charterhouse he was very unhappy and he turned to another boy for love but this was only because of the false surroundings of the public school. This war had come as a solution to a moment of unease for Graves. He was offered a place at Oxford University but he didn’t go. He had a good education and he was a good sportsman also. His religious beliefs went into doubt, although religion was very important to the rest of his family. Religion only became a problem for Graves after the war was over. He realised that he had no faith anymore and didn’t understand the reason for war. Opinions of certain regiments also played a part in Graves’ novel. Other soldiers criticised it as not being as noble or as war like as others. It was also described as â€Å"froth† when placed against a serious nature of the book as it discusses war in its horror. In the 1929 version of the novel, Graves made the mistake of writing about someone else’ s mother, Sassoon’s mother. He wrote in detail about how one night he stayed there and Sassoon’s mother was trying to contact her dead son. Sassoon took great offence to this, as Graves had not asked his permission to put it in his novel. Also Graves published some of Sassoon’s poetry without permission. Just six days before the book was being published, Sassoon decides that the information published about his mother is too personal and demands that it is taken out. These were more of personal criticisms rather then objective ones. Therefore they should not be used as legitimate criticisms of the autobiography. The reality of war is brought home to us in chapters fifteen and twenty. Chapter 15 is based on the battle of Loos and chapter 20 is based on the battle of the Somme. Both these battles are famous and many lives were lost through both. Graves goes into great detail on both but chapter 15 had an incredible impact on me as a reader. At the beginning of the chapter we see the plan for the attack, but both the soldiers and us know that the plan won’t work. Many men realised that they wouldn’t surv ive the battle but they had to fight. If they didn’t, then their own men would shoot them. They couldn’t go against the orders of the generals, as they were always right. As Thomas says on page 150, † we’ve just got to go over and keep the enemy busy while the folk on our right do the real work.personally, I don’t give a damn either way. We’ll get killed whatever happens.† It is sad that soldiers thought like this. Many men out have rather died then go home to their families because they knew that they couldn’t understand what they had been through. This wasn’t an inaccuracy; this was real life and happened in every platoon. Men had to go over the top knowing they wouldn’t all come back. The soldiers knew themselves that they had little chance of surviving. Many men lost their faith, because they knew there was little logic in what they were going to do, but however, they couldn’t do anything about it. The Germans were also more advanced then the British and French. They had better plans, modern tactics and advanced artillery. In the Battle of Loos the Germans were using, â€Å"five-point-nines† another example of things going wrong was in the same battle. The men were ordered to â€Å"discharge accessories at all costs† but this proved a big mistake, as the wind had changed direction and instead of the gas going across no mans land and into the German trench, it went into no means land and then floated back into the British trench, gassing their own men. The Germans knew of the attack and â€Å"immediately put on their gas-helmets: semi rigid ones, better then ours† It wasn’t only battles that added realism to the novel: the stories that Graves tells about people in his novel, the black humour, the depersonalisation and the detachment all added to this great war book. One example of black humour was when they were advancing on no mans land. The platoon had all gone â€Å"over the top.† He saw the platoon on his left flopping down so he whistled the advance again, but nobody seemed to hear. He jumped up from his shell-hole, waved and signalled â€Å"forward†. Nobody stirred, he shouted, â€Å"you bloody cowards, are you leaving me to go on alone?† His platoon sergeant, groaning with a broken shoulder gasped, â€Å"Not cowards, sir. Willing enough. But they’re all f- dead† The black humour in actual fact covers up the reality of war. Many men went to war to show patriotism, many didn’t realise what they were letting themselves in for. Bravery became another main theme in the novel. The description of Samson is also hard hitting to readers. We feel sympathy and pity towards him. Samson, after going over the top, got hit badly and was laying, groaning about 20 yards beyond the front trenches. He was unable to move. As he was hit, he screamed uncontrollably, but to stop himself, he thrust his own fist into his mouth to stop the screams. While he was stranded, many attempts were made to rescue him, but three men were killed, tow officers and two men injured also. In the end, someone did manage to get out to him, but he waved him back because he said, â€Å"he was riddled through and not worth rescuing.† This was sad, not only for the readers, but it would have been unimaginable to be there and to know that one of your men is out there, alive but dying on no mans land, and there is nothing that u can do. Many men forgot about the dead, simply because it was easier for them to carry on fighting and to forget, otherwise it would have drove them mad, just like it did Sassoon in â€Å"Regeneration† Detachment played a huge part in their lives. They had to forget that they were in the situation and carry on with their duties, â€Å"Every night, we went out to fetch in the dead of the other battalions† The language that Graves uses shows that the men treated death in a very matter of fact way. It was the only way for them to deal with it. I would imagine that many people after reading the book found some understanding of how peo ple typically thought about these events, humorous or not, at the time and afterwards. Propaganda played a huge part in the war, mainly for the people back home, which didn’t really understand what the soldiers were going through at the front line. They didn’t want to know most of the time; they turned a blind eye and carried on with their own lives. They thought that just because the war hadn’t hit Britain just yet, they thought that it had nothing to do with them. Many men, who fought in the war, came home to find that they had changed beyond recognition and couldn’t go back to the lives they led before going to war. Graves also went through this after fighting in the Great War. This is why he left the country after writing the novel. He went to live in Majorca. Graves confesses himself that he wrote the book to make â€Å"a lump of money.† Also as Richard Percival Graves reminds us, it was â€Å"an opportunity for a formal goodbye to you and to you and to you and to me and all that forgetfulness because once all has been settled in my mind and written down it need never be thought about again.† The 1957 prologue had huge success in selling around twenty thousand copies in just five days. Pe ople wanted to know what war was like from someone who had first hand experiences of war. The continuing popularity cannot be because of the errors or falsities as suggested by Sassoon and Blunden but the quality of writing by Graves. The Daily Herald put â€Å"Goodbye to all that† on the front page of the news. It has been praised as â€Å"the most startling war book written yet.† But on the other hand there are many critics who were deeply offended by Graves’ frankness and honesty when describing his experiences. One critic called it â€Å"ungentlemanly and a whole collection of unmitigated tripe† The black humour and humour also make the experiences realistic. â€Å"It began with confirmation.I was looking forward to the ceremony as a spiritual climax. When it came and the Holy Ghost didn’t decend in the form of a dove and I did not find myself gifted with tongues and nothing spectacular happened, except that the boy whom the bishop of Zululand was blessing at the same time as me slipped off the narrow foot stool on which we were both kneeling on.† This is humorous and you could imagine this happening. After reading this great novel, I disagree with Sassoon, Blunden and Fussell. I don’t believe it is a book, â€Å"full of inaccuracies and caricature scenes† I think the book is coherent and an excellent read. People wanted to read about the war and â€Å"the ingredients† also helped to sell the book. This is why the book was and still is so popular to today. I agree with J.M. Cohen when speaking about the novel as â€Å"harshly accurate, it is a direct and factual autobiography.† â€Å"Goodbye to all that† is a personal account of Robert Graves’ experiences of World War 1. It gives us a great insight into the war and I believe â€Å"it is a serious and important war memoir† as described by Richard Graves. Bibliography 1. â€Å"Goodbye to all that† Robert Graves 2. â€Å"The Great War in modern memory† Fussell 3. â€Å"Essay on Robert Graves novel† R.P Graves Total word count 2848

Of Mice And Men Characters Essay

In ‘Of Mice And Men,’ all the characters have different problems, whether they are physical, mental or personal. Although the two characters who I feel have the most problems are Crooks and George. Crooks, the black stable buck is forever being pick on by the other men at the ranch, mostly because of his colour. In the time in which the book was set, black people in America were thought of as lower than white people. At the ranch, Crooks cannot live in the bunk-house with all the other men, but he has to sleep in the harness room, at the back of the barn. In this room he is surrounded by all the unused horse tack, and therefore has hardly any space for his personal belongings. Crooks is given no privacy, and gets quite cross because he is not allowed to enter the bunk-house but the other men can just walk into his room. In the book he says to Lennie, â€Å"You’ve no right to come into my room, nobody got any right in here but me.† After he has talked to Lennie for a while, he starts to enjoy having someone to talk to, because when he is in his room by himself, there is no one he can talk with. I think that he likes talking to Lennie because he realized that Lennie is slow, so Crooks can say what he wants and Lennie will not remember anything. To get the other men back for teasing him, he becomes very sour when they enter his room, and as he passes the other men he ignores them, as a pay back for the names they call him. Although I do feel that Crooks gets extremely lonely. All day long he is on his own, he cannot work because he has a crooked back, from once being kicked by a horse, so he has to stay behind at the ranch and generally look after the place. When he was abused by Curley, he cannot answer back, because Curley is the Boss’ son, and he knows that if he gets fired, he will probably not get another job because of his disability. The other man who I think has a lot of problems is George. He has to take Lennie with him everywhere, although, Lennie often gets into trouble and this gets George into trouble too. Without Lennie around him George could have such a good life, â€Å"God almighty, if I was alone I could live so easy. I could get a job and work, an’ no trouble. No mess at all, and when the end of the month come, I could take my fifty bucks and go into town and get whatever I want.† This shows that without Lennie with him, causing trouble, he could keep a good job, and spend his time in the way he wants to, without having to think about anyone else. Although I do think that George likes Lennie, as he is always there to talk to and to share dreams with, they are obviously very close, but George does get annoyed with him, especially because Lennie finds it hard to remember things, such as where they are traveling to. Although he does seem to remember every bad word George says about him. When George talks of the ‘little place’ they’re going to get, his face lights up and he really enjoys seeing Lennie happy and even though George is stuck with Lennie, he still likes having him there. When George is talking to Slim, in the book, he tries to cover up for Lennie’s mistakes in Weed, as he knows that Lennie would never hurt anyone on purpose. At the end of the book when George shoots Lennie he knew that he had to kill him. I think that partly the reason for this is because George knows that Lennie will be shot any way, but if he did it, it would be out of love and protection, and not revenge and hatred. George also knows that he cannot go on with Lennie, always running away from some kind of trouble that Lennie has caused, and the incident at the ranch was probably the last straw. Out of the two men described, I think that the person with the most problems is George. In the first part of the book, he always had Lennie with him, making things very difficult for him to have any privacy or time for himself. Lennie prevented him from ever keeping a job, and this often got him into trouble. At the end of the book, when George shot Lennie, he felt awful, because he was killing his best, and probably only friend. George would always live with the memory of Lennie, and the memory of how he shot him. All throughout the book George was telling Lennie that the other guys on these ranches move from place to place, having nobody. Now George would be like these other guys, but before he and Lennie. I think that George has more problems than Crooks, because in America in those times, all black people were treated lower than whites. Crooks cannot help this problem, because wherever he goes, he would receive the same kind of abuse. Another disadvantage Crooks has, is his crooked back, but again, he cannot help this so he did not create the problem. I feel very sorry for George, as he and Lennie have been through so much together, at some times, he wished that he never had to stay with Lennie, but now everything it over for him and he wants Lennie back.

Tkink green,live green! a essay about the main...

THINK GREEN,LIVE GREEN We are now confronted with serios enviromental problems.The best way to fight them is by knowing what causes them and to figure out the best comprimise solution for the earth as well as for the humans. population growth The major cause of most environmental problems is the rapidly growing human population, now at 6 billion (2000 estimate) people worldwide. A quarter of a million babies are born each day-90 million each year. In another 50 years, the population will grow to about 9-10 billion. Meeting the basic needs of all these people- food, housing, heat, energy, clothing, and consumer goods-places tremendous demands on the earths natural resources Without technological and land-use changes, in addition to†¦show more content†¦Education campaigns encourage people, businesses, and governments to prevent the inadvertent transport of foreign species, to control existing exotics, to restore degraded ecosystems, and to undertake any future introductions with the utmost care. Human welfare, after all, depends on preserving biodiversity. Through their mixing of species and disruption of ecosystems, human beings imperil themselves. desertification Desertification is the process by which lands that lie at the margins of deserts are degraded and become deserts themselves. Desertification usually occurs due to overgrazing, poor farming techniques or deforestation . The removal of the natural vegetation exposes the soil to wind erosion soil erosion and exhaust The main cause of soil erosion is deforestation.Deforestation occurs when forests are cleared or destroyed. It results in the loss of animal habitat , as well as increased soil erosion due to the loss of protective vegetation cover. In some areas, because the nutrient-deficient soil cannot support crops, a wasteland results within a few years. deforestation Each year an estimated 170,000 square kilometres (66,000 square miles) of rain forest disappear, the equivalent of more than four times the area of Switzerland . At the current rate of destruction, the worlds lowland rain forests will have disappeared in 20 years time. Today,

Psychopathy and Culture Culture-Bound Syndrome - 989 Words

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The Deception of Exile Essay example - 1516 Words

The basis of many myths and stories revolve around the Hero, who through his actions determines the outcome and reception of the myth, therefore playing a very important role. Not as clearly recognized, exile plays a significant part in the shaping of a hero, which in turn affects the myth entirely. In various myths different patterns of exile can be discovered which affect the character positively or negatively. Exile is used as a tactic to change the way an audience perceives the myth. Exile can be seen as tactic used by the character, or a deceptive method leading to the way the myth is received. Depending on the culture, exile is either equivalent to death or on the contrary, makes the hero more powerful. Both of these scenarios play a†¦show more content†¦Exile is a scapegoat for the problems of the people, and when a hero is thrown into the harsh world, an appropriate reaction is very important. Death is merely the ceasing of life, and with implications to life, exile is nothing but death. Exile is a purposeful way of ending one’s life in advance and in the end not being held accountable. Responsibility for ones eventual death is very frightening; therefore the exile ploy is used, ensuring death and security at the same time. For a young child this abandonment is difficult to overcome and will change the hero in many ways, the reason for probability is because predicting how a person may turn out if not exiled is difficult. To reiterate the Greek culture, they despised the idea of exile, because of the psychological death that it causes the hero or character. If the hero is lucky enough to be safe, exile will influence the character’s behavior in some form or another. In addition, there are many variances of exile, and Medea is another of many victims. On the quest for the Golden Fleece, Jason needs help and seeks out Medea, and Medea obliges. 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Andy Warhol and Pop Art Essay Example For Students

Andy Warhol and Pop Art Essay The pop art movement began in London during the 1950s and thenquickly spread throughout nearly all of the industrialized world. Although theartists did have some overlapping styles, pop art focuses more on the subject andless on style, which was left up to each individual artist. The main themes that isevident in all pop art revolves around modern social values. The style in whichthese values were portrayed varied depending on the culture and artist. CriticBarbara Rose claimed in her review of a Pop Art show that Pop Art, I wish todisagree with the assumption that pop art is an art style. It is not; these artistsare linked only through their subject matter, not through stylistic similarities. Thismakes it possible to talk of the iconography or attitudes of Pop art, but not of Popart as an art style, as one would speak of Baroque or Cubism. (Bondo, 1998)In America, Pop Art used the images and techniques of mass media,advertising, and popular culture, often in an ironic way to play of f the social issuesof popular culture. The art form developed rapidly once reaching the U.S. NewYork City, often viewed as the epicenter of American popular culture, fostered thegrowth of many of the most highly regarded pop artists, including Warhol,Rosenquist, Segal and Lichtenstein. California, namely San Fransisco wasrecognized as the Pop Art capital of the west coast (Bourdon, 1989, 12)SubjectThe subject of Warhols work revolved around various American socialissues of the mid-century. As America exited from World War II and entered theBaby Boom era, the culture had become decidedly sanitized. Some of this couldbe attributed to the Cold War and fear of the enemy. The flight to suburbia,mass production, conservative family values, and development of new socialstandards also played a major role in this Leave-it-to-Beavering of the nation. This was also the period of time where admass culture had its beginnings. Warhol played off the irony of these issues in such works as Campbells SoupCans and his famous Brillo Boxes (Bourdon, 1989, 34)During the 1960s, the nation began to see rapid changes. The spaceprogram was under way, the Vietnam war was in action, Kennedy was killed,racial equity became and issue and the hippie movement was at its peak;spreading its trademark ideals of free love, drugs and music. Although Warholcontinued his focus on the irony of admass culture, he began to branch out intonew territory. He began to print his Flowers series, which had a decidedlypsychedelic flavor to them, matching the flavor of the current social scene(Bourdon, 1989, 42)As the 70s disco scene came to rise, Warhols work followed. Warholhimself frequented many of New York Citys hottest, most glamorous nightclubs. Studio 54, famed for its exclusivity, was one of Warhols favorites. It is at thisperiod that Warhol became totally engulfed with creating works of other people,mostly celebrities. Ever since childhood, Warhol had been obsessed withcelebrity life and fame. Some o f Warhols most famous works were of celebrities. Many were chic designers such as Halson, Diane von Fursenberg, Jean PaulGaultier and Yves Saint Laurent (Bourdon, 1989, 53) Death and disaster was also a subject that Warhol worked with, especiallyduring the early 60s. These subjects contrasted somewhat with his others, forthey seemed to be far more gruesome and vulgar. However, it was said thatthese were not intentionally vulgar, but again a clip from popular culture. Whenconfronted about the morbidity, Andy said Every time you turn on the T.V. orradio, they say something like 4 million are going to die. That started it. Warholfrequently remarked about news broadcasts that projected deaths. For example,a news program may project that 50,000 people will die in alcohol relatedautomobile accidents. To most, it seemed as if the media were relating this as awarning. To Warhol, this was a goal to be met. Also, Warhol was obsessedwith the way vulgarity looses its effect after view multiple times. This is thereason that he multiplied car accident pictures many times. Many of his famousworks, such as Car Crashes, Race Riots, Electric Chair, Suicides and Tuna FishDisasters were gruesome in nature (Bourdon, 1989, 109)Another subject that seemed to permeate his work, especially his movieswas sex. This was not the sex that was seen in the pornography of the time, buta more erotic and advant garde style. Sometimes, only bared flesh was seen,and other times, it was full blown intercourse. Homoerotisism was another strongtheme in these movies. It wasnt just man with man or woman with woman, thatwould be too simple. Many of the scenes featured men as women, drag queensand asexuals. This only added to the peculiarity and erotisism. His four mostfamous movies revolved around sexual themes: Sleep, Blow Job, My Hustlerand Flesh (Bondo, 1998). The Gross Clinic EssayHe used appropriated and serially repeated images to achieve hismachined look. This imagery arrests the eye, and speeds up the work creatinghis admass effect (Bourdon, 1989, 206)The shape of many of the images in his most popular works had arounded, streamlined look to them. The values did not posses lots of detaileither. This was to give them a plastic look. He was quoted as saying that theseresembled club life, plastic clothes, plastic jewelry, plastic surgery, plasticemotions. (Kakulani, New York Times Magazine, 1996)The center of interest on a Warhol image is the image itself. The objectswere not meant to be storytellers, as did the more classic artworks. The Warhol image was intend to confront the audience with boredom as an issueitself by making the images superficial. Usually, the objects were surrounded withspace rather than pattern, emphasizing this center of interest idea (Bondo, 1998). Warhol used a detached style, in which little emotional involvement oridentification is created. By use of this method, a statement is made, but doesnot effect the audience on a personal level. ConclusionAndy Warhol was one of the twentieth centurys greatest artists. And like manyartists, Warhol saw the world in a very different way. However, he wasmisunderstood as one who satirized American Pop culture because he did notagree with or fully understand it. Nothing could be more opposite of the truth,Warhol loved Pop culture since he was a child engrossed with the beautifulpeople that graced the magazine covers and movies. He became a Pop culturegenius, and through his work, he became a part of it as a social commentator andvisionary. And through his genius, he launched his work to become an icon ofAmericana.